Technology

1) Several evidences point out that climate change is caused by human activities. Among these evidences are the speedy increase of carbon dioxide concentration in the earths atmosphere for the past decades consumption of more than half of surface fresh water elevated fixation of atmospheric nitrogen extinction of various flora and fauna species and, utilization of majority of the land and its resources (L2).  These events link to human activities and the occurrence of climate change has been intensively researched in the past years after humanity was struck with the drastic effects of climate changes like typhoons, El Nino, La Nina and low harvest.
The speedy elevation of carbon dioxide (CO2) atmospheric concentration has been well documented and monitored. Since 1957, a significant increase in CO2 atmospheric concentration from 315 ppm to 362 pmm has been observed. The continuous elevation of (CO2) is due to various human activities especially the employment of fossil fuels. Every year more than 5 billion metric tons of (CO2) is emitted into the atmosphere (Vitousek et al., 1997). Human activities have greatly increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration which led to global warming and the consequent climate change.
The exploitation of majority of the land and its resources also has a big impact to the climate change phenomenon. Various human activities related to agriculture like land clearing, grazing intensification, forestry and animal domestication contributed negative effects to the earths ecosystem. Humans built diverse infrastructures like dams, irrigation systems, flood protection structures, buildings, roads and bridges which plastered the earth with asphalt and concrete (Kareiva et al., 2007). The employment of vast amounts asphalt and concrete did not only contribute negative impacts to the ecosystem but also helped retain more heat within the earths atmosphere. Without the intensive stresses in the earths resources inflicted by human beings, climate change could have occurred in its normal pace and its drastic effects would have been non-existent. It is already undeniable that change is indeed a result of human activities.
2)    The most pressing consequences of climate change are food supply depletion, low availability of water, extinction of animal and plant species, increase in the occurrence of natural disasters and emergence of various diseases (L13, L14, L15, L20).  At present, the terrestrial and marine ecosystem has been widely affected by the elevation of temperature. There has been continuous depletion of terrestrial and marine flora and fauna (L13). The reduction in the number of species and population of animals and plants are very significant to the survival of humans. Continuous consumption along with the effects of climate change for example has caused lowered harvest of crops, plants and marine food (L17, L18). In addition to this the food supply is also threatened by the occurrence of different global disasters like typhoon, landslides and flood which affected the agricultural production and cost numerous lives. These consequences of climate change are not minor because in just this decade the loss in food, infrastructure, livelihood and human lives has been gigantic.
3)    The most significant response to climate change is the reduction of greenhouse gases emission thru human lifestyle modifications. These adjustments include the utilization of alternative energy sources like biofuels, solar power and wind power instead of burning fossil fuels (L25).  The huge amount of CO2 generated from fossil fuel burning in power plants, industries and even cars can be considerably lowered with the use of biofuels. Aside from that this energy source is renewable and can contribute to the waste reduction process.